Alterations in the Low Molecular Weight Metabolome of Potamogeton perfoliatus L., One of the Key Species in Littoral Habitats of Lake Ladoga, Concerning Phytoplankton Development
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12974/2311-858X.2025.13.02Keywords:
Low-molecular-weight metabolome, Fatty acids, Cyanobacteria, Aquatic macrophytes, Potamogeton perfoliatus, Anthropogenic impact, Aquatic ecosystems, Phytoplankton, Lake Ladoga, Indication of ecological state, Eutrophication, PollutionAbstract
Perfoliate pondweed (Potamogeton perfoliatus L.) is one of the key species in plant associations in the coastal waters of Lake Ladoga. The chromatograph mass spectrometric study of the low molecular weight metabolome (LMWM) of this species growing in various littoral biotopes of Lake Ladoga, which differ in the degree of anthropogenic load and phytoplankton development, revealed the relationships between the LMWM of P. perfoliatus and the degree of anthropogenic disturbance of littoral biotopes, as well as the level of phytoplankton development and its composition. We noted a decrease in the content of low molecular weight organic compounds, as well as the absolute and relative content of fatty acids in the LMWM of P. perfoliatus, with increasing anthropogenic impact. The observed changes in LMWM of P. perfoliatus are a reflection of physiological processes that ensure the ecological and biochemical adaptation of the plant to changing environmental conditions, the deterioration of which as a result of excessive development of cyanobacteria is often associated with anthropogenic factors. Changes in the LMWM of P. perfoliatus can be used as diagnostic signs of deterioration of the lake environment in the coastal zone of Lake Ladoga. The anthropogenic factor decreases the stability and resistance of the aquatic ecosystem, making it more vulnerable to harmful algal blooms due to reduced synthesis of fatty acids by macrophytes.
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